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PHENOBARBITAL Drug Record

  • Summary
  • Interactions
  • Claims
  • PHENOBARBITAL chembl:CHEMBL40 Approved

    Alternate Names:

    PHENEMAL
    NSC-128143
    NOPTIL
    PHENOBARBITONE
    NSC-9848
    LUMINAL
    ESKABARB
    PHENOBARBITAL
    TALPHENO
    PHENOBARBITAL CIV
    NSC-128143-
    SOLFOTON
    PHENYLETHYLMALONYLUREA
    FENOBARBITAL
    PHENOBARBITAL SODIUM
    PHENYLETHYLBARBITURSAEURE
    5-ETHYL-5-PHENYL-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-PYRIMIDINETRIONE
    PHENOBARBITURIC ACID
    PHENYLETHYLBARBITURATE
    PHENOBARBITOL
    PHENYLETHYLBARBITURIC ACID
    5-ETHYL-5-PHENYLPYRIMIDINE-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-TRIONE
    5-ETHYL-5-PHENYLBARBITURIC ACID
    5-ETHYL-5-PHENYL-PYRIMIDINE-2,4,6-TRIONE
    LUMINAL®
    5-PHENYL-5-ETHYLBARBITURIC ACID
    PHENYLAETHYLBARBITURSAEURE
    drugbank:01174
    rxcui:8134
    chembl:CHEMBL40
    pubchem.compound:4763
    chemidplus:50-06-6

    Drug Info:

    FDA Approval Approved before 1982
    Drug Class small molecule
    Drug Indications Hypnotics and Sedatives
    Drug Indications Anticonvulsants
    Drug Class hypnotics and sedatives
    Drug Class anticonvulsants
    Year of Approval approved before 1982
    Drug Categories gaba modulators
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a4 inducers (strong)
    Drug Categories barbiturates and derivatives
    Drug Groups investigational
    Drug Categories anticholinergic agents
    Drug Categories bsep/abcb11 inducers
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 2c18 inducers
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp1a2 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2c18 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2c18 substrates
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2c19 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2c19 substrates with a narrow therapeutic index
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2c8 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2c9 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2e1 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp2e1 inducers (weak)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a inducers (strong)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a4 inducers
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a5 inducers
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a5 inducers (strong)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a7 inducers
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 cyp3a7 inducers (strength unknown)
    Drug Categories cytochrome p-450 substrates
    Drug Categories enzyme inducing antiepileptic drugs
    Drug Categories narrow therapeutic index drugs
    Drug Categories nicotinic antagonists
    Drug Categories p-glycoprotein inducers
    Drug Categories p-glycoprotein substrates
    Drug Categories p-glycoprotein substrates with narrow therapeutic index
    Drug Categories phenobarbital and similars
    Drug Categories psycholeptics
    Drug Categories ugt1a1 inducers
    Drug Categories ugt2b7 inducers
    (5 More Sources)

    Publications:

    Haerian BS et al., 2013, SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A gene polymorphisms and responsiveness to antiepileptic drugs: a multicenter cohort study and meta-analysis., Pharmacogenomics
    Ma CL et al., 2014, Association of SCN1A, SCN2A and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms with the response to antiepileptic drugs in Chinese Han patients with epilepsy., Pharmacogenomics
    Yamakura et al., 2001, Anesthetics and ion channels: molecular models and sites of action., Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.
    Arias et al., 2005, Anesthetics as chemical tools to study the structure and function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors., Curr. Protein Pept. Sci.
    Krasowski et al., 1999, General anaesthetic actions on ligand-gated ion channels., Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
    Sakatis MZ et al., 2012, Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds., Chem Res Toxicol
    Oxberry et al., 1984, Down regulation of prolactin receptors in the hamster ovary by the preovulatory gonadotropin surge., Biol. Reprod.
    Osanai et al., 1997, Phenobarbital causes apoptosis in conditionally immortalized mouse hepatocytes depending on deregulated c-myc expression: characterization of an unexpected effect., Cancer Res.
    Kobayashi K et al., 2004, Key structural features of ligands for activation of human pregnane X receptor., Drug Metab Dispos
    Faucette et al., 2004, Regulation of CYP2B6 in primary human hepatocytes by prototypical inducers., Drug Metab. Dispos.
    Chen et al., 1992, Association between growth stimulation by phenobarbital and expression of cytochromes P450 1A1, 1A2, 2B1/2 and 3A1 in hepatic hyperplastic nodules in male F344 rats., Carcinogenesis
    Mazaleuskaya LL et al., 2015, PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses., Pharmacogenet Genomics
    Talwar P et al., 2017, Genetic contribution of CYP1A1 variant on treatment outcome in epilepsy patients: a functional and interethnic perspective., Pharmacogenomics J
    Grover S et al., 2010, Genetic polymorphisms in sex hormone metabolizing genes and drug response in women with epilepsy., Pharmacogenomics
    Jin et al., 2010, The interaction of the neuroprotective compounds riluzole and phenobarbital with AMPA-type glutamate receptors: a patch-clamp study., Pharmacology
    Brandt et al., 2006, The multidrug transporter hypothesis of drug resistance in epilepsy: Proof-of-principle in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy., Neurobiol. Dis.
    Keangpraphun T et al., 2015, Association of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with phenobarbital resistance in Thai patients with epilepsy., J Clin Pharm Ther
    Zanger UM et al., 2007, Polymorphic CYP2B6: molecular mechanisms and emerging clinical significance., Pharmacogenomics
    Daniell, 1994, Effect of anesthetic and convulsant barbiturates on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated calcium flux in brain membrane vesicles., Pharmacology
    Whiting, 2003, The GABAA receptor gene family: new opportunities for drug development., Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel
    Macdonald et al., 1986, Anticonvulsant drugs: mechanisms of action., Adv Neurol
    Overington et al., 2006, How many drug targets are there?, Nat Rev Drug Discov
    Mehta et al., 1999, An update on GABAA receptors., Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev.
    Imming et al., 2006, Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets., Nat Rev Drug Discov
    Nakaoka, 1990, Kinetic characteristics of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases towards a dithiol metabolite of malotilate in hepatic microsomes of rats and rabbits., Xenobiotica
    Jonges et al., 1995, Effects of partial hepatectomy, phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene on kinetic parameters of glucose-6-phosphate and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in situ in periportal, intermediate and pericentral zones of rat liver lobules., Biochim. Biophys. Acta
    Schuetz et al., 1990, Regulation of cytochrome P-450b/e and P-450p gene expression by growth hormone in adult rat hepatocytes cultured on a reconstituted basement membrane., J. Biol. Chem.
    Hassan HE et al., 2013, Induction of xenobiotic receptors, transporters, and drug metabolizing enzymes by oxycodone., Drug Metab Dispos
    Manuyakorn W et al., 2013, Phenobarbital-induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions are associated with CYP2C19*2 in Thai children., Pediatr Allergy Immunol
    Dildy-Mayfield et al., 1996, Anesthetics produce subunit-selective actions on glutamate receptors., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
    Tavoloni et al., 1983, Dose-related effects of phenobarbital on hepatic microsomal enzymes., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
    Chaudhary et al., 1993, Effect of genetic obesity and phenobarbital treatment on the hepatic conjugation pathways., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
    Tanaka et al., 1997, Changes in glutamate receptors, c-fos mRNA expression and activator protein-1 (AP-1) DNA binding activity in the brain of phenobarbital-dependent and -withdrawn rats., Brain Res.
    Horio et al., 1993, UDP glucuronosyltransferase gene expression is involved in the stimulation of ascorbic acid biosynthesis by xenobiotics in rats., J. Nutr.
    Rico et al., 1992, Long-term influence of anticonvulsant agents on calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin., Eur. Neurol.
    Romero et al., 2006, Chemical inducers of rodent glutathione s-transferases down-regulate human GSTA1 transcription through a mechanism involving variant hepatic nuclear factor 1-C., Mol. Pharmacol.
  • PHENOBARBITAL   PGD

    Interaction Score: 0.5

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    7827108


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   UGT2B15

    Interaction Score: 0.5

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    26049587


    Sources:
    PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GRIK2

    Interaction Score: 0.34

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    antagonist (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    Novel drug target Established target
    Trial Name -

    PMIDs:
    11264449 10487207


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial DrugBank

  • PHENOBARBITAL   UGT1A5

    Interaction Score: 0.33

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    2120856


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   UGT1A4

    Interaction Score: 0.32

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    6314341 8510012


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   UGT1A10

    Interaction Score: 0.3

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    8263600


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   FOS

    Interaction Score: 0.27

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    9187311


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   TAT

    Interaction Score: 0.23

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    1688552


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   UGT1A6

    Interaction Score: 0.23

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    26049587


    Sources:
    PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GSTA1

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    16608922


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GRIA2

    Interaction Score: 0.18

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    antagonist (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    Novel drug target Established target
    Trial Name -

    PMIDs:
    11264449 10487207 20051697


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial DrugBank

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP1A1

    Interaction Score: 0.18

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    26951882 21121773


    Sources:
    PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   PTH

    Interaction Score: 0.18

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    1490499


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   UGT1A9

    Interaction Score: 0.16

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    26049587


    Sources:
    PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CHRNA4

    Interaction Score: 0.16

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    antagonist (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    11264449 16248797 10487207


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial DrugBank

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CHRNA7

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    antagonist (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    11264449 16248797 10487207


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial DrugBank

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GABRA1

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    potentiator

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    14579514 11264449 2871724 17139284 10209232 17016423 10487207


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial DrugBank

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP2B6

    Interaction Score: 0.11

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    17638512 14977870


    Sources:
    NCI PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   NR1I3

    Interaction Score: 0.11

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    23439660


    Sources:
    DTC

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GRIA3

    Interaction Score: 0.11

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    8786535


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GRIA1

    Interaction Score: 0.09

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial

  • PHENOBARBITAL   PRL

    Interaction Score: 0.09

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    6091795


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   SCN2A

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    23859570 25155934


    Sources:
    PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   BAX

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    9230198


    Sources:
    NCI

  • PHENOBARBITAL   MTHFR

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   NR1I2

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    activator (activating)
    agonist (activating)

    Interaction Info:
    Specific Action of the Ligand Agonist
    Endogenous Drug? False

    PMIDs:
    15039302 14977870


    Sources:
    PharmGKB DrugBank GuideToPharmacology

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GRIN1

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    antagonist (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    7862741


    Sources:
    DrugBank

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GABRA4

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GABRA6

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Novel drug target Established target
    Trial Name -

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GABRA5

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Novel drug target Established target
    Trial Name -

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GABRA2

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial

  • PHENOBARBITAL   GABRA3

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Trial Name -
    Novel drug target Established target

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    TEND TdgClinicalTrial

  • PHENOBARBITAL   ABCB1

    Interaction Score: 0.02

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    16928449 25846690


    Sources:
    NCI PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP2C19

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    22931300 23551241


    Sources:
    DTC PharmGKB

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP1A2

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    22931300 1349513


    Sources:
    NCI DTC

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP2C9

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    22931300


    Sources:
    DTC

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP2D6

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    22931300


    Sources:
    DTC

  • PHENOBARBITAL   CYP3A4

    Interaction Score: 0.0

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    22931300


    Sources:
    DTC

  • DrugBank: DB01174

    • Version: 5.1.7

    Alternate Names:
    PHENOBARBITAL DrugBank Drug Name
    50-06-6 CAS Number
    B-Donna Drug Brand

    Drug Info:
    Drug Type small molecule
    Drug Groups approved
    Drug Groups investigational

    Publications:
    Whiting, 2003, The GABAA receptor gene family: new opportunities for drug development., Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel
    Yamakura et al., 2001, Anesthetics and ion channels: molecular models and sites of action., Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.
    Macdonald et al., 1986, Anticonvulsant drugs: mechanisms of action., Adv Neurol

  • TEND: PHENOBARBITAL

    • Version: 01-August-2011

    Alternate Names:
    PHENOBARBITAL Primary Drug Name

    Drug Info:
    Year of Approval approved before 1982
    Drug Class anticonvulsants
    Drug Class hypnotics and sedatives

    Publications:

  • TdgClinicalTrial: PHENOBARBITAL

    • Version: January-2014

    Alternate Names:

    Drug Info:
    Drug Indications Anticonvulsants
    Drug Indications Hypnotics and Sedatives
    Drug Class small molecule

    Publications:

  • NCI: PHENOBARBITAL

    • Version: 14-September-2017

    Alternate Names:
    C739 NCI drug code

    Drug Info:

    Publications:
    Oxberry et al., 1984, Down regulation of prolactin receptors in the hamster ovary by the preovulatory gonadotropin surge., Biol. Reprod.
    Rico et al., 1992, Long-term influence of anticonvulsant agents on calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin., Eur. Neurol.
    Brandt et al., 2006, The multidrug transporter hypothesis of drug resistance in epilepsy: Proof-of-principle in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy., Neurobiol. Dis.

  • DTC: PHENOBARBITAL

    • Version: 02-September-2020

    Alternate Names:
    CHEMBL40 ChEMBL Drug ID

    Drug Info:

    Publications:
    Hassan HE et al., 2013, Induction of xenobiotic receptors, transporters, and drug metabolizing enzymes by oxycodone., Drug Metab Dispos
    Sakatis MZ et al., 2012, Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds., Chem Res Toxicol

  • PharmGKB: phenobarbital

    • Version: 18-August-2020

    Alternate Names:

    Drug Info:

    Publications:
    Mazaleuskaya LL et al., 2015, PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses., Pharmacogenet Genomics
    Keangpraphun T et al., 2015, Association of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with phenobarbital resistance in Thai patients with epilepsy., J Clin Pharm Ther
    Haerian BS et al., 2013, SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A gene polymorphisms and responsiveness to antiepileptic drugs: a multicenter cohort study and meta-analysis., Pharmacogenomics

  • GuideToPharmacology: 135650817

    • Version: 29-September-2020

    Alternate Names:
    PHENOBARBITAL GuideToPharmacology Ligand Name

    Drug Info:

    Publications:

  • TTD: Phenobarbital

    • Version: 2020.06.01

    Alternate Names:
    D0Y7RW TTD Drug ID

    Drug Info:

    Publications:

  • ChemblDrugs: chembl:CHEMBL40

    • Version: ChEMBL_27

    Alternate Names:

    Drug Info:

    Publications:

Disclaimer: This resource is intended for purely research purposes. It should not be used for emergencies or medical or professional advice.

A finding of a drug-gene interaction or potentially druggable category does not necessarily indicate effectiveness (or lack thereof) of any drug or treatment regimen. A finding of no interaction or no potentially druggable category does not necessarily indicate lack of effectiveness of any drug or treatment regimen. Drug-gene interactions or potentially druggable categories are not presented in ranked order of potential or predicted efficacy.

The dgidb.org website does not provide any medical or healthcare products, services or advice, and is not for medical emergencies or urgent situations. IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY, CALL YOUR DOCTOR OR 911 IMMEDIATELY. Information contained on this website is not a substitute for a doctor's medical judgment or advice. We recommend that you discuss your specific, individual health concerns with your doctor or health care professional.

DGIdb (v4.2.0 - sha1 afd9f30b) • Last updated 2020-10-21